GRASS AND BEAN PLANTS WHY SHOULD GRASS GROW?

Traditional breeders rarely grow grass. Natural grass does not guarantee adequate supply and high quality To meet the needs of commercial breeders, then grass cultivation very necessary.

GRASS IS CONSIDERED A PLANT Grass should be considered a crop Good care is needed for high yields A certain amount of capital needs to be invested to get quality grass

PLANT MATERIALS

Seed Appearance

Stem cuttings

Clump splits

Stolon

rhizome

PURPOSE OF LAND PREPARATION

Provide soil conditions for suitable growth for
grass:

o Cutting and turning the soil

o Break and kill weeds

o Divide the soil into smaller structures

LAND PREPARATION METHODS

Plow Plow
Plow brush (Harrow)
Second Plow Plow (Cross Plow)
Second brush plow (Cross Harrow)
Rotate plow (Rotovate)
Interval of 2 weeks for each process
INTERPRETATION OF SOIL MOISTURE

Early germination and growth require a humidity condition
accordingly

Suitable conditions at the level below "Field Capacity"
FIELD CAPACITY - Saturated water is drained 24 - 72 hours
Appropriate instructions

The ground does not stick to the tractor
The soil is easily broken
Moisture is evident when the soil is broken
The compacted soil does not show a high degree of wetting
CULTIVATION

Planting time: early rainy season
Seeds must be there and enough
Liming if pH acts accordingly (5.5 - 7.0)
NPK base fertilizer (60:30:30 kg / ha)
PLANTING METHODS

SEED

Sod seed drill
Spinner broadcaster
Chisel seeder


SOD SEED DRILL

Fertilizer and seeds in separate containers
seeds and fertilizer come out through separate channels
Fertilizers and seeds are sometimes clogged due to:
Fertilized steel
Gear damage
Large seed size
Benefits of Sod seed drill:
The rate of seed consumption can be controlled
Fast work
Sod seed drill problem:
The scattering is uneven because the plate does not form the soil - the hillside
SPINNER BROADCASTER

Seeds and fertilizers are mixed together
Other ingredients (filler) mixed together so that the sowing is flat - Wood dust,
sand etc.

Plow rotate 3-4 inches so that the seeds mix with the soil
Benefits of Spinner broadcaster:
Flatten sowing
Work fast
Disadvantages:
Seed rates may be higher
Seeds can be damaged if the mixture is left too long
CHISEL SEEDER

Almost the same as seed drill
Hallways are made with chisel
used when doing replanting work (Embroidery)
HAND SPREADING

If the area is not large- hand-sprinkling is more economical
SEED RATES

The rate of seed consumption depends on several factors:
The quality of the seeds
How to prepare the soil
Season
The enemy
etc.
Seed test
Determine the seed rate
Example:
»If desired in one square meter 50 guinea grass trees will grow. How many (kg) guinea seeds should be sown for one hectare if the germination percentage is 50%? (Number of seeds per 100 gm is 8560 seedsSolution

Average number of Seeds / kg = 85600 seeds

Bills that need to grow in 1 m = 50

Number of seeds (1 m per.) For 40% = 100 x50 / 50 = 100 seeds

For one hectare = 100 x 10,000

= 1,000,000

Total Kg per hectare = 1,000,000 / 85600

= 11.68 kg

A MIXTURE OF GRASS AND BEANS

The purpose of a mixture of grass / beans
Increased protein intake
Supply N for pasture


FACTORS AFFECTING BEAN COMPOSITION IN PASTURA

High N promotes grass growth but inhibits legumes
High P and K fertilization promotes legume growth
Excessive grazing inhibits the growth of legumes
Beans do not tolerate acidic soils
MIXTURE OF PASTURA / BEAN

Bean mixing rate does not exceed 40%.

SEED TREATMENT

Purpose of seed treatment:

Encourage germination by softening the testa hard
Method:

Sandpaper with sandpaper
Hot water: 80o C in 3 - 4 minutes
Sulfuric acid: 5-7% For minutes
RHIZOBIUM INJECTION

Rhizobium: - N binding bacteria in the roots
The purpose of the injection: To encourage root infiltration
Rhizobium is mixed with gum as an adhesive and a little lime to provide suitable growth for bacteria
FARMING CULTIVATION

Plant material:
Stick
Stolon
Stick
Stem cuttings
Mature grass
cut 2-4 stems
FARMING CULTIVATION

Lay the trunk
- Faster and easier

- Fertilizer (60:30:30 NPK) or CIRP is sown in the hallway

- Stems are arranged in the hallway

- Stems are covered while compacted

Stolon
- For grass that does not have seeds, stolons can also be used

- Brachiaria decumbens, Brachiaria humidicola etc.



FARMING CULTIVATION

Stolon
- Stolons are cut and sown by hand or spreader

- Stolon is pressed into the ground using a harrow disc.

- This method can be made in the rainy season

Sod
- Sod is a piece of soil that contains grass seeds

- This method is commonly used for planting grass on the cliffs to prevent erosion

- Sod is placed at a distance of 30 cm x 30 cm depending on the type of grass and soil preparation

Initial fertilizer

Steel mix (NPK, 60:30:30)
Urea, (46% N), TSP (46 P205) and MOP (60% K20)


EARLY GROWTH LEVEL MANAGEMENT

Early grazing is sometimes encouraged for stolon grass so that livestock footprints can encourage growth
Growing clusters is not encouraged by early grazing, instead letting flowering and fallen seeds grow back
FIRST CUTTING / GRAINING

Usually the first grazing or cutting is done after the first lawn is cut first
The first grazing / cutting is important to ensure the quality of the pasture. Old / flowery pastures will decrease.
AGE OF SNAKE / FIRST CUTTING FIRST CUTTING

SOURCE: DVS, MALAYSIA

Date of Input: 12/10/2020 | Updated: 27/11/2020 | mahr